You may have heard the terms “naturally aspirated,” “turbocharged,” and “supercharged” being thrown around in reference to engines. But what do these terms mean? A naturally aspirated engine is the kind of engine with which your vehicle is most likely equipped. It’s an internal combustion engine that relies on atmospheric pressure and that lacks forced induction through a turbo- or supercharger.
Turbo- and superchargers are forced induction systems that compress air in order to bolster the combustion process and produce more power. “Turbocharger” and “superchargers” are terms that are often used interchangeably, but that doesn’t mean they’re the same thing. Despite sharing the same basic premise, turbo- and superchargers have a few differences that set them apart. Here’s the difference between turbocharged and supercharged engines.
Turbochargers vs. Superchargers
There are many differences between turbocharged and supercharged engines. Here are just a few:
Power Source
The main differences between turbo- and superchargers are their power sources. Superchargers obtain power from the engine’s crankshaft via a belt, shaft, or chain. Turbochargers are powered by a turbine located in the exhaust stream.
Efficiency
In terms of overall efficiency, turbos win by a landslide. This is because they draw power from waste (aka the exhaust gases), whereas a supercharger leeches off engine power in order to run. Because turbos reuse exhaust gases, they’re also more environmentally friendly than supers.
Response Time
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Size
Ever wondered why most European vehicles and diesels are turbocharged rather than supercharged? That’s because the engines in these vehicles tend to be on the smaller side, and turbos are specifically designed to fit smaller cars and smaller engines.
Noise Levels
The noises that turbos produce are on the quieter side, but supers make loud noises akin to whistles or whines.
Maintenance
Turbos have a more complex design, which makes them harder to maintain than the more simplistic superchargers.
How Do I Choose?
Interested in turbocharging or supercharging your naturally aspirated engine? It’s easier than you’d think. But first, you need to choose between a turbo and a super. The best choice for your engine depends on what kind of vehicle you own and how you use it. Have a smaller engine or a diesel engine? Go with a turbo. Use your vehicle more for everyday driving and less for off-roading or high-speed cruises? Supers are more reliable at low RPMs. Wish your vehicle would be quiet for once? Go turbo. Want it to sound more like a race car? A super might be right for you.
